I roto i ngā mahi ahumahi o nāianei, e whā ngā wāhanga matua o ngā tukanga whakakanapa maitai kore waikura: te whakakanapa ā-ringa, te whakakanapa matū, te whakakanapa hikohiko, me te whakakanapa wai. He rerekē ngā mātāpono me ngā āhuatanga mahi o ia tukanga, me whiriwhiri tika i runga i te hanganga hua, te taumata rauemi, me ngā whakaritenga tono. I ētahi wā, ka whakamahia he "tukanga whakakotahi" (pēnei i te whakakanapa taratara ā-ringa me te whakakanapa pai hikohiko) hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te whai huatanga.
Te Whakakanapa Ā-Mīhini: Ko te kaupapa matua o te whakakanapa ā-mīhini ko te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā wira huri, ngā wira muka, me ngā wira huruhuru hipi me ngā mea whakakoi hei tapahi ā-tinana i te mata o te maitai kore waikura. Ka tangohia mārire ngā hapa, ā, ka whakaitihia te taratara o te mata mā te whakakanapa taratara, te whakakanapa waenga, me te whakakanapa pai. Ngā kaupapa matua: Ka whakamahia e te whakakanapa taratara he wira huri kirikiri 80-120 hei tango i ngā tohu mīhini; ka whakamahia e te whakakanapa waenga he wira muka kirikiri 400-800 hei whakapai ake i te mata; ā, ka whakamahia e te whakakanapa pai he whakapiri whakakanapa taimana me te wira huruhuru hipi hei whakatutuki i te mutunga kanapa teitei. I roto i te tukanga katoa, me whakahaere te tere me te pēhanga kia kore ai e wera rawa te mata ka arahi pea ki te whakarerekētanga o te konganuku. Ngā Painga me ngā Here: He iti te utu, he nui te kaha ki te whakahaere, he pai mō ngā momo maitai kore waikura katoa; heoi, he iti te pai o te whakakanapa mō ngā hanganga uaua (pēnei i ngā kōhao o roto, ngā miro, me ngā pane tī) ā, he ngāwari ki te hapa tangata. **Ngā Horopaki e Pā Ana:** Ngā hua maitai kore waikura piko papatahi me te māmā, pēnei i ngā pereti maitai kore waikura, ngā flange takirere, ngā hononga paipa whānui, me ngā panera hanga.
**Te Whakakanapa Matū:**
**Mātāpono:** Mā te whakamahi i te āhuatanga rewa whiriwhiri o te ranunga waikawa hauota-waikawa hauwaihau, ka waikura pai ngā pūwero moroiti i runga i te mata o te maitai kore waikura, kia maeneene ake ai te mata. Kāore e hiahiatia he hiko, he taputapu uaua rānei.
**Ngā Wāhanga Whakahaere:** Āta tirohia te ōwehenga o te otinga whakakanapa (tāpirihia he 5-10% karisīni hei ārai i te waikura nui) me te pāmahana (60-80℃). Horoia tonutia ki te wai whakakore ira i muri i te whakakanapa, ā, whakakorea te waikawa toenga ki te otinga konutai paikāpōnati.
**Ngā Painga me ngā Here:** Ka taea te tukatuka i ngā wāhanga mahi maha i te wā kotahi, he tino whai hua, he iti te utu, he pai mō ngā wāhanga angiangi me ngā hanganga uaua; heoi, he nui te utu mō te tukatuka i te otinga whakakanapa para, ā, he uaua ki te whakahaere i te ōritetanga o te mata o ngā wāhanga uaua.
**Ngā Horopaki e Pā Ana:** Te hanga nui o ngā wāhanga iti, uaua, pērā i ngā whakapiri maitai kore waikura, ngā hononga paipa iti tino tika, me ngā taputapu taputapu kīhini.
**Whakakanapa Matū:** Whakakanapa Hikohiko
Mātāpono: Mā te whakamahi i te maitai kore waikura hei anode, ka tukuna he iahiko mā roto i te electrolyte waikawa phosphoric-waikawa whanariki. Mā te whakamahi i te mātāpono o te "whakarewatanga anodic electrochemical," ka piki ake te kiato iahiko i runga i ngā putanga mata, ka tere ake te whakarewatanga me te whakataurite moroiti, me te hanga i tētahi paparanga passivation matotoru i te wā kotahi. Ngā Kaupapa Mahi Matua: Whakahaerehia te pāmahana electrolyte ki te 55-60℃, te kiato iahiko ki te 15-50 A/dm², me te wā whakakanapa ki te 5-10 meneti. Me whai muri i te maimoatanga passivation waikawa hauota hei whakarei ake i te ātete ki te waikura. Ngā Painga me ngā Here: He tino tika te whakakanapa, me te taratara o te mata e tae ana ki raro i te Ra0.05μm, me te ātete waikura pai ake ki te whakakanapa miihini; heoi, me nui te haumi taputapu me te mahi ngaio, ki te kore ka nui rawa te waikura me ngā rerekētanga tae. Ngā horopaki e tika ana: Ngā hua me ngā whakaritenga tino kaha mō te ātete waikura me te whakaotinga mata, pēnei i ngā taputapu hauora, ngā mīhini kai, ngā taputapu korehau, me ngā paipa matū tino tika.
Te Whakakanapa Wai
Mātāpono: Mā te whakamahi i tētahi papu pēhanga teitei hei tuku i tētahi wai whakakoi (paura karāhe silicon + reo polymer), ka tutuki te tapahi moroiti mā te rere puta noa i te mata o te mea mahi. He hangarau "whakakoi ngāwari" tēnei. Ngā Kaupapa Mahi Matua: Tīpakohia te rahi o te kirikiri whakakoi kia rite ki te whānui me te hanganga o te kōhao o te mea mahi, ā, whakahaeretia te pēhanga papu me te tere rere. Ka taea te hangarua i te whakakoi. Ngā Painga me ngā Here: Ka taea e ia te wikitoria i ngā koki mate e kore e taea e ngā tukanga tuku iho te tae atu, pērā i ngā kōhao o roto, ngā kōhao e whakawhiti ana, me ngā kōhao matapo; heoi, he roa te wā tukatuka mō tētahi mea mahi kotahi, he pai mō ngā puranga iti o ngā wāhanga tino tika. Ngā Horopaki e tika ana: Te whakakoi i ngā wāhanga hanganga uaua pērā i ngā tī kowiri tira, ngā hononga paipa o roto tino tika, me ngā ringaringa takirere waipēhi.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka puta he momo mata rerekē i te whakakanapa o te maitai kore waikura, pērā i te 2D (matte), 2B (matte maeneene, te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana), BA (kanapa teitei), Nama 4 (whakaata ōrite), HL (paraihe), me te Nama 8 (whakaata). He rite ngā momo rerekē ki ngā huinga tukanga whakakanapa rerekē, ā, he tohu nui ēnei mō ngā whakatakotoranga hua i roto i te hanga ahumahi.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-22-2026