Ngā Paipa Whakarewa
Whakaahuatanga Hua
Ko ngā paipa whakarewa, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā paipa maitai whakarewa, ka hangaia mā te hurihuri i ngā pereti maitai, i ngā rīpene rānei kia rite ki te āhua ngongo, kātahi ka whakarewahia ngā hononga. Haunga ngā paipa kore hononga, ko tētahi o ngā momo matua e rua o ngā paipa maitai. Ko ō rātou āhuatanga matua ko te ngāwari o te hanga, te iti o te utu, me te whānuitanga o ngā whakaritenga.
I. Whakarōpūtanga Matua: Whakarōpūtanga mā te Tukanga Whakarewa
He rerekē ngā tukanga whakarewa e whakatau ana i te mahi a ngā paipa whakarewa. E toru ngā momo matua:
• Paipa Whakarewa Roa (ERW): Whai muri i te hurihanga o te rīpene maitai kia porowhita, kia tapawhā rānei, ka whakarewahia he hononga roa (kia roa) i te taha o te ngongo. He pai te whakaputa me te iti o te utu, he pai mō te kawe wai pēhanga iti (pēnei i te wai me te hau) me ngā tono tautoko hanganga. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga noa ko ngā diameter iti me te diameter waenga (te tikanga ≤630mm).
• Paipa Whakarewa Porowhita (SSAW): Ka hurihia te rīpene maitai ki te taha porowhita, ā, ka whakarewahia te hononga i te wā kotahi, ka hangaia he whakarewa porowhita. He ōrite ake te taumahatanga o te hononga whakarewa, e tuku ana i te ātete kume me te piko pai ake i te paipa whakarewa hononga tika. Mā tēnei ka taea te hanga paipa whānui (tae atu ki te 3,000mm te whānui) ā, e whakamahia ana mō te kawe wai pēhanga teitei (pērā i ngā paipa hinu me te hau māori) me ngā paipa waikeri ā-tāone.
• Paipa whakarewa maitai kore waikura: He mea hanga mai i te rau/rīpene maitai kore waikura, he mea whakarewa mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga pēnei i te TIG (tungsten inert gas arc welding) me te MIG (metal metal arc welding). He rite tōna ātete ki te waikura me te pāmahana teitei ki te maitai kore waikura, ā, he pai mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki ngā rauemi kounga teitei, pēnei i te tukatuka kai, ngā matū, me ngā taputapu hauora. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā paipa tika iti me te rahi waenga.
II. Ngā Painga Matua
1. Utu iti, whakaputanga nui: Ki te whakatauritea ki te paipa kore hononga (e hiahia ana ki ngā tukanga uaua pēnei i te wero me te hurihuri), he nui te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mata me te tukanga whakaputa poto ake o te paipa whakarewa. Ko ngā utu he 20%-50% te iti iho mō ngā whakaritenga ōrite. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakaputa i roto i ngā puranga me te mahi tonu hei whakatutuki i te tono nui.
2. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Ngāwari: Ka taea te whakaputa i ngā paipa me ngā diameter rerekē (mai i ētahi mirimita ki ētahi mita), ngā matotoru pakitara, me ngā wāhanga whakawhiti (porowhita, tapawhā, me te tapawhā) i runga i te tono kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia whaiaro o ngā tono rerekē, tae atu ki te hanganga me te ahumahi.
3. Ngāwari te Tukatuka: Mā te rauemi ōrite me ngā whakapiri pumau ka taea te tapahi, te keri, te piko, me ētahi atu mahi tukatuka, kia watea ai te tāutanga.
III. Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Whakamahinga
• Ahumahi Hanga: Whakamahia i roto i ngā paipa tuku wai me te rerenga wai, ngā paipa tiaki ahi, ngā tautoko hanganga maitai (pēnei i ngā tūāpapa me ngā pou ārai), ngā anga tatau me ngā matapihi (ngā paipa tapawhā hāngai), me ētahi atu.
• Rāngai Ahumahi: Whakamahia hei paipa kawe wai pēhanga iti (wai, hau kōpeke, mamaoa), paipa tautoko taputapu, ārai awheawhe, me ētahi atu; ka whakamahia ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita whānui-diameter i roto i ngā paipa hinu me te hau māori tawhiti.
• Rāngai Tāone: Whakamahia i roto i ngā paipa waikeri o te tāone, i ngā whatunga paipa hau (pēhanga waenga me te pēhanga iti), i ngā pou rama tiriti, i ngā arai waka, me ētahi atu.
• Te Oranga o Ia Rā: Ka whakamahia ngā paipa iti kua whakapirihia (pērā i ngā paipa kowiri tira) ki roto i ngā whāriki tāonga me ngā paipa o te kīhini (pērā i ngā paipa putanga hau o te taupoki oumu).
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